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Water Vs Oil cooled piston

Water                                                                                                                                   cheap&plentiful
internal surfaces are kept free from deposits,                                                                    water can be operated at high temperatures.                                                                     High specific heat capacity.                                                                                                 But leakage can cause oil contamination.                                                                       Additional pumps and coolers needed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Oil                                                                                                                                             easy supply                                                                                                                            no contamination problems                                                                                                     lower thermal conductivity reduces steep temp gradient.
but- possibility of oxidation & coking.

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